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- <text id=89TT1970>
- <title>
- July 31, 1989: America Abroad
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- July 31, 1989 Doctors And Patients
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 25
- America Abroad
- Debt and Forgiveness
- </hdr><body>
- <p>By Strobe Talbott
- </p>
- <p> Around the world the U.S. is confronted by the plight of
- poor but friendly countries that have borrowed heavily and
- spent unwisely. A traditional American approach has been to make
- new loans so that the debtors can repay old ones. Debt
- forgiveness, by any name, has always been anathema, since most
- of the borrowed money comes from private banks whose directors
- and shareholders are not in the forgiveness business.
- </p>
- <p> The Bush Administration has worked out a formula to help
- ease the burden on some borrowers while maintaining the
- confidence, and therefore the cooperation, of lenders. Announced
- by Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady in March and endorsed by
- the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, as well as
- at the economic summit in Paris last week, the plan calls for
- "reducing" -- in fact, forgiving -- some principal and interest,
- thus freeing borrowers' resources for growth. The banks end up
- holding IOUs that have a lower face value but a higher chance
- of being repaid. The increased prospect of the debtor nations'
- economic and political stability becomes reassuring collateral.
- </p>
- <p> Senator Bill Bradley is a Democrat who has been hammering
- away at the importance of the Third World debt issue for years.
- He praises the Bush Administration for realizing that "the
- answer to the problem of too much debt is not more debt but
- less." That may sound like mere common sense, but Republicans
- must overcome a distrust of giveaways and interference in the
- private sector. "It is an ideological breakthrough," says former
- Assistant Secretary of State Robert Hormats.
- </p>
- <p> The first test case for the Brady plan is appropriately
- Mexico, whose economic distress is fully matched both by its
- strategic significance to the U.S. and by the avowed commitment
- of its leadership to reform. Mexico has drastically cut spending
- and started selling inefficient state enterprises. Still, the
- economy is stagnant. No wonder. The equivalent of about $13
- billion a year that might otherwise go to internal investment
- or the purchase of imports is being siphoned off to service
- Mexico's nearly $100 billion debt. Under quiet prodding from
- Washington, the Mexican government and a consortium of
- international banks have been negotiating an agreement to ease
- the terms of repayment. Next in line for debt relief are three
- other democracies whose future growth could be in jeopardy:
- Venezuela, the Philippines and Costa Rica.
- </p>
- <p> Welcome as the Brady plan is, it may end up being foiled
- for the most ironic of reasons: the U.S.'s mismanagement of its
- own economy. Under the arch-Republican Ronald Reagan, the U.S.
- spent so much more than it collected in revenues that it became
- the world's No. 1 debtor. Says C. Fred Bergsten, the director
- of the Institute for International Economics in Washington: "The
- richest country in the world is competing with the poorest for
- the pool of available capital. American indebtedness tends to
- drive up U.S. interest rates, which in turn drives up the cost
- of loans to other nations, which threatens to wipe out the
- benefits that Nick Brady has made possible." Meanwhile, the U.S.
- trade deficit is provoking protectionism, which would make it
- harder for developing countries to work off their debts by
- exporting their products to a key market. If the U.S. is really
- going to help, debt reduction must begin at home. Otherwise, the
- promise of the Brady plan -- along with much of the rest of
- America's influence abroad -- will be squandered. That, truly,
- would be unforgivable.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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